It definitely makes a difference yes. Not quite the same as in real life climbing as you don’t tend to worry abbot balance and moving your weight as far forward.
I have a kickr bike which has that ability built in. I prefer using it for simulated gradients and for more realism I have a rocker plate which makes it even better.
I have recently purchased a Rizer, combined with my Omnirocker , the experiance is probably as close as you’ll get to outdoors riding.
The Rizer defiantly engages different muscle groups this helps on the climbs especially when riding out of the saddle on the steeper sections.